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{"id":3800,"date":"2025-06-10T18:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-10T16:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gavelsabogados.com\/?p=3800"},"modified":"2025-06-10T18:17:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T16:17:15","slug":"reforme-du-regime-juridique-des-locations-touristiques-et-de-courte-duree-modification-de-la-loi-sur-la-copropriete-et-creation-registre-unique-des-locations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gavelsabogados.com\/fr\/reforme-du-regime-juridique-des-locations-touristiques-et-de-courte-duree-modification-de-la-loi-sur-la-copropriete-et-creation-registre-unique-des-locations\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9forme du r\u00e9gime juridique des locations touristiques et de courte dur\u00e9e : modification de la Loi sur la Copropri\u00e9t\u00e9 et cr\u00e9ation du Registre Unique des Locations"},"content":{"rendered":"

La LO 1\/2025 modifie en profondeur la Loi 46\/1960, du 21 juillet, sur la Copropri\u00e9t\u00e9 (\u00ab LPH<\/strong> \u00bb), en introduisant des m\u00e9canismes permettant aux communaut\u00e9s de copropri\u00e9taires d\u2019intervenir efficacement dans la prolif\u00e9ration de logements touristiques au sein d\u2019immeubles r\u00e9sidentiels. Cette r\u00e9forme, entr\u00e9e en vigueur le 3 avril 2025, impacte directement l\u2019\u00e9quilibre entre les droits individuels des propri\u00e9taires et l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat collectif de la communaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Dans ce nouveau cadre, il est d\u00e9sormais \u00e9tabli qu’aucun propri\u00e9taire ne peut affecter son logement \u00e0 un usage touristique sans l\u2019autorisation expresse de l\u2019assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des copropri\u00e9taires. Cette exigence, de nature imp\u00e9rative, signifie que le respect de la r\u00e9glementation sectorielle r\u00e9gionale ou locale ne suffit plus : un contr\u00f4le pr\u00e9alable par la communaut\u00e9 est requis, qui doit se manifester de mani\u00e8re claire et positive. En outre, la communaut\u00e9 est habilit\u00e9e, par d\u00e9cision adopt\u00e9e \u00e0 la majorit\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9e des trois cinqui\u00e8mes du total des copropri\u00e9taires repr\u00e9sentant les trois cinqui\u00e8mes des quotes-parts, \u00e0 limiter, conditionner ou interdire ce type d\u2019usage, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 imposer une majoration des charges communes pouvant atteindre vingt pour cent pour les unit\u00e9s affect\u00e9es \u00e0 la location touristique.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, la LPH pr\u00e9voit un r\u00e9gime transitoire pour les locations touristiques existantes. Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 sa Disposition transitoire unique, les propri\u00e9taires qui, avant le 3 avril 2025, exer\u00e7aient l\u00e9galement cette activit\u00e9 conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la r\u00e9glementation sectorielle touristique en vigueur, sont autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 la poursuivre dans les conditions et d\u00e9lais fix\u00e9s par ladite r\u00e9glementation. Ces exploitations ne sont donc pas imm\u00e9diatement soumises \u00e0 la nouvelle exigence d\u2019autorisation communautaire, bien qu\u2019elles restent sujettes aux d\u00e9cisions futures valablement adopt\u00e9es par la communaut\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement, le D\u00e9cret Royal 1312\/2024 instaure le Registre Unique des Locations de Courte Dur\u00e9e, conjointement avec le Guichet Unique Num\u00e9rique des Locations, \u00e9tablissant un syst\u00e8me national obligatoire d\u2019enregistrement pour toute unit\u00e9 d\u2019h\u00e9bergement de courte dur\u00e9e propos\u00e9e via des plateformes num\u00e9riques. Cette r\u00e9glementation s\u2019appuie sur le R\u00e8glement (UE) 2023\/1804 relatif \u00e0 la collecte et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9change de donn\u00e9es sur les services de location de courte dur\u00e9e, faisant de l\u2019Espagne le premier \u00c9tat membre \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper un mod\u00e8le op\u00e9rationnel complet pour sa mise en \u0153uvre.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 compter du 1er juillet 2025, toute unit\u00e9 destin\u00e9e \u00e0 une location touristique ou de courte dur\u00e9e devra \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9e, le num\u00e9ro d\u2019inscription unique constituant une condition indispensable pour pouvoir annoncer ladite unit\u00e9 sur les plateformes num\u00e9riques. Ce num\u00e9ro sera g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 automatiquement \u00e0 l\u2019issue de la proc\u00e9dure de demande et devra obligatoirement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9, de mani\u00e8re exclusive, pour l\u2019unit\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Ce num\u00e9ro d\u2019enregistrement ne fera pas l\u2019objet d\u2019un renouvellement p\u00e9riodique, toutefois, le bailleur devra pr\u00e9senter tous les douze mois une d\u00e9claration d\u2019information incluant, de mani\u00e8re anonymis\u00e9e, le d\u00e9tail des locations r\u00e9alis\u00e9es ainsi que la finalit\u00e9 justifiant la nature de la mise \u00e0 disposition. Par ailleurs, le bailleur sera tenu de mettre \u00e0 jour les informations figurant au registre en cas de modifications substantielles de l\u2019unit\u00e9 lou\u00e9e, ainsi que de r\u00e9pondre aux demandes des administrations publiques comp\u00e9tentes.<\/p>\n

Le non-respect de l\u2019une quelconque des obligations susmentionn\u00e9es, ou la constatation d\u2019un usage frauduleux du num\u00e9ro ou d\u2019une usurpation, pourra entra\u00eener la radiation du registre, la suppression de l\u2019annonce sur les plateformes num\u00e9riques sur d\u00e9cision administrative, ainsi que la notification aux autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes.<\/p>\n

En somme, la nouvelle r\u00e9glementation relative aux logements touristiques \u00e9tablit un cadre juridique renforc\u00e9, imposant au propri\u00e9taire l\u2019obtention de l\u2019autorisation expresse de la communaut\u00e9 et l\u2019inscription de l\u2019unit\u00e9 dans le Registre National. Le non-respect de l\u2019un ou l\u2019autre de ces imp\u00e9ratifs rend l\u2019exercice l\u00e9gal de l\u2019activit\u00e9 impossible, consolidant ainsi un mod\u00e8le fond\u00e9 sur le contr\u00f4le communautaire et la supervision administrative.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’ann\u00e9e 2025 a marqu\u00e9 un tournant d\u00e9cisif dans la r\u00e9gulation des locations touristiques et de courte dur\u00e9e en Espagne. 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